This course equips students with fundamental knowledge about customs valuation, including the Agreement on Customs Valuation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This Agreement is currently applied or will be implemented in all WTO member countries and other economies, serving as a method for valuing goods when they move across national borders. Students will gain the necessary knowledge and skills to determine the value of goods according to national laws based on an internationally recognized system. The course will explore all valuation methods under the Agreement, including the impact of related parties, as well as specific issues such as discounts, royalties, and conditional sales. Additionally, the course provides knowledge about the post-clearance 2 audit process and techniques to help students better understand the importance of this work in ensuring compliance with the law and enhancing the efficiency of customs administration